引用
引用第11楼六六于01-08-2010 04:45发表的 :
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我恰恰要给中医正名。 W;!}#o|%s
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我认为中医价格公道而且疗效很好。 K,:cJ
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这是我在这次疾病中亲身经历的，所以至少在我这里，你的话，我压根不信。
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j_~. u P~@U" ! 我说的话是亲身经历的。当然了，你有不信的权利。
rLI8pA|. 我只相信科学报道。
_0]S69lp 英国《自然》也有中医批判文章，可以去搜索原文。
2[O&NdP\Zk yl7&5)b#9 这里转载一个 美国《科学》报道：
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, Science 8 February 2008:
]d Gw2y ;kS &A( Vol. 319. no. 5864, pp. 709 - 710
!y@NAa0 DOI: 10.1126/science.319.5864.709
=,_ +0M9 BIOCHEMISTRY:
8T!+ZQAz Lifting the Veil on Traditional Chinese Medicine
|Z Ragn30 Richard Stone*
H1QJ k_RL DALIAN, CHINA--Genome, proteome, metabolome … herbalome? In the latest industrial assault on nature's biochemical secrets, a Chinese team in this seaside city is about to embark on a 15-year effort to identify the constituents of herbal preparations used as medications for centuries in China.
@M_oH:GV The Herbalome Project is the latest--and most ambitious--attempt to modernize t raditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The venerable concoctions--as many as 400,000 preparations using 10,000 herbs and animal tinctures--are the treatment of choice and often the only recourse for many in China. In the 1970s, TCM tipped off researchers to qinghaosu, a compound in sweet wormwood whose derivatives are potent antimalaria drugs. But TCM's reputation has been blackened by uneven efficacy and harsh side effects, prompting critics to assail it as outmoded folklore. "TCM is not based on science but based on mysticism, magic, and anecdote," asserts biochemist Fang Shi-min, who as China's self-appointed science cop goes by the name Fang Zhouzi. He calls the Herbalome Project "a waste of research funds."
'":lB]hS Hoping to rebut TCM critics, Herbalome will use high-throughput screening, toxicity testing, and clinical trials to identify active compounds and toxic contaminants in popular recipes. "We need to ensure that TCM is safe and also show that it is not just qinghaosu," says Guo De-an, who leads TCM modernization efforts at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and is not involved in Herbalome. Initial targets are cancer, liver and kidney diseases, and illnesses that are difficult for Western medicine to treat, such as diabetes and depression.
j/_ s"}m{ The Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), one of the biggest and best-funded institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, won a $5 million start-up grant to develop purification methods; the Ministry of Science and Technology is reviewing the project with a view to including it as a $70 million initiative in the next 5-year plan to start in 2010. A planning meeting will be held at a Xiangshan Science Conference--China's equivalent of a Gordon Research Conference--in Beijing this spring.
LH kc7 X$ Several TCM power players have thrown their weight behind the initiative. "It's the right time to start this project," says chemist Chen Kai-xian, president of the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Herbalome should appeal to pharmaceutical firms, as it could identify scores of drug candidates, says Hui Yongzheng, chair of the Shanghai Innovative Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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I In many parts of the world, traditional medicine recipes are handed down orally from one generation to the next. But in China, practitioners more than 2000 years ago began to compile formulations in compendia. Although in major cities Western medicine has largely supplanted TCM, many Chinese still believe in TCM's power as preventive medicine and as a cure for chronic ailments, and rural Chinese depend on it. "For most of us, when we feel unwell, we want to take TCM," says chemist Liang Xinmiao of DICP.
pEIRh 1 Since the Mao Zedong era, the government has strongly supported TCM, in part because it was too expensive to offer Western medicine to the masses. It remains taboo for Chinese media to label TCM as pseudoscience. "Criticizing TCM is unthinkable to many Chinese and almost like committing a traitorous act," says Fang.
d9;g]uj` Proponents insist that TCM has much to offer. But for every claimed TCM success, there are reports of adverse effects from natural toxins and contaminants such as pesticides. Dosages are hard to pin down, as preparations vary in potency according to where and when herbs are harvested. Quality can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and from batch to batch. "That's why many people don't trust TCM," says Guo. In the modernization drive, quality control is a paramount concern.
;U.hxh;+ Herbalome intends to take modernization to a whole new level. The initiative is the brainchild of Liang, who believes many TCM recipes are effective. "The problem is, we don't know why it works," he says. The main hurdle is the complexity of the preparations. As an example, Liang shows a chromatograph of Hong Hua, or "red flower," a preparation applied externally for muscle pain. In many samples chemists deal with, one peak usually represents one compound, Liang says. But for Hong Hua, each peak is many compounds, and fractionating these yields more multicompound peaks like nested matryoshka dolls. Hong Hua is composed of at least 10,000 compounds, says Liang: "We know only 100."
11 7EZg]O Faced with such complexity, "we must invent new methodologies," says Liang. "This is the battleground of the Herbalome project." For starters, his 45-person team at DICP is developing new separation media. Herbs will be parsed into "multi-components": groups of similar constituents. To determine which substances are beneficial or toxic, his group plans to devise Herbalome chips in which arrays of compounds are screened for their binding to key peptides. The expanded Herbalome project would involve researchers at many institutes in China and abroad.
CsoiyY -2 Herbalome has potential pitfalls. One is a concern that Western companies will develop blockbuster drugs--and walk away with the spoils--by modifying compounds identified by the project. To counter this possibility, says Guo, "we're encouraging scientists not to rush to publish and do structure modifications [to identify drug candidates] first." Teams would then apply for patents on groups of similar structures.
J Nt^ (z Not all practitioners embrace TCM's demystification. "Some are afraid that the traditions will be lost," says Chen. But Hui says that modernization is necessary "to reconcile the knowledge-oriented, deductive process of Western medicine with the experience-oriented, inductive process of TCM." Fang has a different take: "Can you marry astrology and astronomy, alchemy and chemistry? It never works."
I+[>I =ewa Hui insists that TCM can coexist wi th Western medicine. Liang hopes his Herbalome project will prove Hui right.
Z\ j a With reporting by Li Jiao in Beijing.
