亲历英国教育、医疗、文化、历史
犀利姐六六的异域文化“豪旅”
来源:绵阳晚报 第T12版:视野·书吧 作者: 2015年02月28日
作品简介
《六个脚印,走着瞧》中收录了六六在国外旅行时对中西文化差异、人类文明的真知灼见和深度思考。六六以生动鲜活的语言记录了和爱人秀才、儿子偶得共同经历的文化之旅,在亲历贵族式生活方式、医疗、教育、文化、历史后审视人类文明的传承,反思中国未来的发展,尽显其内心浓厚的人文关怀与豁达随喜的个人魅力。
作家简介
六六,著名作家、编剧。著有《王贵与安娜》、《双面胶》、《蜗居》、《心术》等。
旅游的乐趣就在于:你能看到当地人与你截然不同的生活方式和思维方式。你们坐在同一庭院里,与世界神交。
——六六
“文化浓度最高”的英国旅游攻略
近日,著名作家、编剧、话题女王六六继《半句实话》之后出版了最新文化随笔集——《六个脚印,走着瞧》。《六个脚印,走着瞧》以一次文化“豪旅”刷新国人对现代化的中国与老牌现代资本主义国家的认知。她从日常小事考察国外的医疗、教育、信仰与习俗,告知读者们:在生存问题上,英伦贵族“已经泯然众人矣。甚至,比众人还要操心困苦。”你以为中国女人压力最大?六六会告诉你:英国女人都三头六臂,男人只是社会的装饰品!你以为中国看病最难,国外服务最人性,六六却深感中国的医疗服务绝对是最高效的。你以为英伦教育以玩为主,六六却说英国高中生比中国学生更累!你以为资本主义国家生活很科幻?六六却唤醒你:他们还没进入网络时代,而中国已弯道超车。
写攻略不避教训 秀才手绘地图详尽记录
大到行程路线安排,小到租车、订旅馆、信用卡甚至打折卡的准备,六六在文中都对其进行了详细的描述:“我还是建议游客在出国之前为自己购买一份旅行意外险。自驾游时尤其要选择第三者责任险高的旅行意外保险,以免发生事故时遭遇巨额索赔。在国外消费尽量少带现金,多使用信用卡,特别是自驾游的旅客。信用卡的好处除了可以避免携带大量现金外,回来后还可以很方便地统计每一笔消费。”别以为这是纸上谈兵,这些经验总结都是在一系列教训之中得来的!比如,在离开中国以前一定记得把信用卡额度提高,把款提前还掉,把家里财务问题都安顿好,不然信用卡额度一旦刷满,出国后就不能付款了;导航仪屡出问题,即使有导航地图也会迷路,所以一定要选准品质有保障的厂家;手机网络是个大问题,Wifi信号不好的时候,人们经常失联,只能“且行且适应”了……在六六描述旅行攻略时,秀才则妇唱夫随,还对行程路线作了更为直观的手绘地图。对于即将亲历英国旅行的读者来说,这绝对称得上是最贴心的“旅程宝典”。
亲历英国医疗 更加坚定《心术》中的观点
六六在《心术》中表达了对中国未来医疗界危机的忧思:医生成才周期长,劳动强度大,且病患把寻医治病等同于一般商品消费,引起医患矛盾,长此以往,中国的优质医生资源必然大量流失,改行或出国行医。这从根本上对患者是非常不利的。在《六个脚印,走着瞧》新书中,六六再次借自己在英国看急诊的经历表达了这一观点。“英国的急诊室看起来就不那么紧张……与中国相比,医院环境和医生分给病人的时间都略胜一筹。”但英国的医疗制度并非没有缺陷,“英国人对本国公费医疗诟病众多,很多人因手术等待时间太长而不得不自费去私立医院”。国内医院“感觉在打仗,兵荒马乱”,却能保证患者得到最及时的治疗。
见证“女不强大天不容” 甘拜英国女人下风
在英国,六六发现,在很多地方工作的人是欧洲其他国家的人或英国本地女性。人们能看见的忙碌身影都是家庭的女主人。她们好像有三头六臂,不仅打扫卫生、洗衣做饭、精通旅游、擅长管理,还能照顾子女甚至管理牧场。那么英国的男人们去哪儿了呢?原来他们有的去看马术比赛,有的去玩皮划艇,有的则手端一份报纸……可是他们依然是英国女人崇拜的对象。缘由无他,在很多事情上,女人们还是要依赖他们的。六六不由得感慨道:“在高度发达的国家,男性作为装饰品,对社会的推动性是非常大的。他们因无须参与烦琐而具象的劳动,便可以大部分时间务虚,研究一下科学、人文、哲学和未来有可能用到的发明。然后,对社会的总体贡献,都以他们的名义记录。”
体验慢生活 反思教育与中国未来
在《六个脚印,走着瞧》中,六六对中英教育作了比对分析:“到英国,你会发现,这里的孩子最大的特点是做孩子有孩子样儿,该天真烂漫的时候单纯得一塌糊涂,而该守秩序的时候一板一眼。每个孩子举手投足间都显示出良好的教养,至成人,表现得优雅大方,温柔体贴。公共场合里,很多中国大人不如英国孩子,曾在温莎堡女王皇宫的国宴大厅里,看见一个亚裔男人将半瓶可乐咕嘟咕嘟倒在漂亮的地毯上。”她以一个留学在外的中国女学生为例,犀利地指出:“这里的教育更加人性化、个性化……中国的科举制走到今天,忘记了除了学习以外,健康的人格和存活的能力才是教育的根本。”
作家访谈
旅行是为长远的创作做积蓄
记者:您的新作是一本关于一家三口旅行英国的游记,但还是能从中看到很多英国民风及生活习性。您用女性独特细腻的眼光描述了旅行中所遇到的人和事,与其说是一本游记,不如说是一本异国他乡的生活阅历录更合适吧?
六六:我每年都抽一段时间行走江湖。一部分时间是破万卷书,我现在是“破电脑”,另一部分时间就是行万里路。走在路上可以让我行进着思考,对比着思考,审视平日生活中的粗糙或遗漏。
记者:为什么会选择英国呢?
六六:我一般选择自己没去过的地方,这样才能和新人走新路。
我这次去英国占的便宜是语言比较通。其他国家很难进行这么深入的了解。
记者:现在有一种很流行的家庭教育方式,就是领着孩子出门旅游,您赞同吗?
六六:带着孩子出门旅行是最好的事,因为他们愿意陪伴我们一起游乐的日子会越来越少,他们长大后就不再跟着我们了,我们对家庭的记忆,大多停留在他们小时候,所以一定要珍惜,感恩他们还不懂事,愿意陪我们玩。
记者:这本书号称“文化浓度最高”的随笔集,但里边也有不少实用攻略,外加您的各种经验教训血泪史。您觉得“文化浓度”体现在哪些方面?
六六:总体说还是游记,因为居住时间非常短,只有三十天,我其实在书里给所有对英国行有兴趣的朋友做了个非常好的旅行路线图,无论你去英国几天,都能找到适合自己的路线,而且保证你玩得尽兴。还有,我的旅行经历丰富以后,知道怎么找旅行素材了,不会让旅途停留在拍照美食上,去以前会翻英国历史,看与英国有关的,甚至是与去的地区有关的电影,第一次把英法百年战争给弄明白了。书与实地结合着看,才觉得收获丰富。
记者:书中每一章节都是旅行中的事例然后折射一个社会现象,紧接着这个社会现象后又继续抛出问题,比如说外国人发扬针灸、教育小孩子等,虽然只有一两句,但颇有点反省的意味,请问您是刻意为之吗?或者说,我觉得您的这本书不光是旅行指南,还有一层对当下中国现实的映照。
六六:我写到这本游记,才感觉到自己在思想上有开阖了。很多事情可以对比着看,可以有感而发,以前傻玩比较多,思考比较少。
记者:创作这本书,是想改变很多人出游的想法和心情,让大家用内心慢慢品味这份与平时生活截然不同的美景,对吗?
六六:我主要是为了记录下自己即时的思考,也为很多即将去的朋友打个前站。很多人出去旅行,只了解要去的地方和要看的风景,却不太了解那里的人文历史,也不知看的亮点在哪里。就好像我们今年去英国伦敦塔玩,看到满地铺着鲜红的花瓣,当时知道是为纪念二战牺牲的888246名将士,回来才知道这是今年最具创意的世界作品第一名。
记者:英国行后下一站是哪里?最近张洁、毕淑敏也出版了自己的旅行感悟,是因为出旅行书的热潮还是作家们更想倾诉内心,跟读者拉近距离?
六六:我们不搞功利主义,旅行一趟不是为了变成作品——虽然我的旅行的确变成了作品。但最重要的是,旅行是为长远的创作做积蓄。所有的创作,一定要基于你对历史的了解,对未来的预估,对现实的把握基础上,不断充实丰富自己,最终才能变成养分变成作品回馈给读者。闭门造车的作品生命力不可能长久。
记者:在这次的行程中,有没有遇到过很“囧”的旅途经历?
六六:经常。我们无论准备多么充分,都发现不够深入。去了英国才知道那里随时下雨,没有预报的。就那么大的地盘,云就在头顶飘,一会儿过来一会儿过去,才发现怪不得英国人总谈天气,终于找到窍门,在英国要穿冲锋衣当外套,随时可变成雨衣。
记者:您在新作中反思自己一直在“低级旅游”,那您眼里的低级旅游具体是怎样的?
六六:其实旅游无论哪个级别,自己愉悦就好。很多人不爱费很多力气,就愿意到此一游,只要不在古迹上刻字,我觉得都行。
本版文图据燕赵都市报、北京晚报
http://www.chinanews.com/cul/2015/02-28/7088075.shtml
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