犬子的微笑
来源:联合早报 四合院专栏 作者:六六 2011年02月07日
● 六六(作者为作家、《蜗居》编剧,来自中国安徽,1999年来新)
最近有个中国母亲热门登上华尔街日报,她的“中国式妈妈”教育法引起世界范围内对教育的探讨,她还出了一本书,名字叫做“虎妈的战歌”。我没有读过这本书,网络上搜索了一下,主旨是说,严格到几近苛刻的教育是保证孩子成功的一半。孩子在小时候是不懂得选择的,一切行为应由家长为其负责。
蔡美儿有十大家规,包括:1、不准夜不归宿,2、不准参加学校的小组娱乐活动,3、不准参加校园演出,4、不准抱怨没有参加校园演出,5、不准看电视或玩电子游戏,6、不准擅自选择课外活动,7、不准有科目低于A,8、除了体育与戏剧外,其他科目不准拿不到第一,9、不准练习钢琴及小提琴以外的乐器,10、不准不练习钢琴及小提琴。
蔡美儿的大女儿是学钢琴的,今年18岁,到了进大学的年纪。以蔡美儿家世的荣耀(她父亲毕业于麻省理工,她毕业于哈佛法学院)和她的骄傲,她一定不能容忍女儿进入除茱莉亚音乐学院以外的学校。但我不晓得蔡美儿是否知道,茱莉亚音乐学院的练琴房,窗户是封闭的,原因是尽量减低该校学生高自杀率。
我的这个信息来源于我的一个韩国学生家长。她当年以韩国小提琴大赛第一名的卓越成绩被国家奖学金送到茱莉亚音乐学院深造。在此之前,她前景一片美好,每个人都恭贺她是“未来的柏林爱乐乐团或维也纳爱乐乐团的首席小提琴师”。等她进了茱莉亚音乐学院以后,才发现自己什么都不是。因为能够进入这个学校的学生,不仅仅是优秀,简直是疯狂。当她以每天15小时练琴的残酷折磨自己的时候,发现,还有人每天练18小时,更悲伤的是,她还发现有人不需要练琴就能在看一眼琴谱以后默诵着拉出来。
她本科毕业以后,都拿不到一个面试,接着上硕士,再接着上博士。在博士毕业后,她结婚生子了,从此再未拿过小提琴。她作为音乐教育博士,甚至不愿意教自己的孩子拉琴,原因是忍受不了音乐的噪音。
什么叫成功?什么叫卓越?朗朗,李云迪这样的算优秀的音乐家吗?我敢打赌在未来的音乐史上,他们的名字永远不会超过莫扎特贝多芬或者李斯特。
这位母亲,你对功成名就的定义是什么?要怎样苛刻地训练孩子,才能让她们为了不辱家门而活着?
家长和老师的责任是什么?这是我一直在思考的问题。我们是教给孩子们我们知道的现有知识,还是交给他们探求知识的方法,保持他们学习的热情,让他们自己去探索未知世界?我相信,牛顿达尔文莎士比亚达芬奇能有如此的成就,肯定不是为了满足母亲的虚荣心而获得的。而我更相信,这个世界上,能够成为领袖并篆刻进历史簿的人,占不到人类总数的百分之零点一。绝大多数人,不过是平凡人。
做一个平凡人,是一件很丢脸的事吗?
如果他身心健康,性格开朗,禀性善良,有健康的爱好,有妻儿老小,我觉得,这就是成功的人生了。
最近李资政的一句话,深得我心。他说,如果孙子不是从政的料,从政只会丢李家的脸。这句话是典型的华族家长的表达爱意的方法,言下之意是:孩子,你喜欢什么,你就去做吧,不必背负家族的厚望。你的人生,你做主。
我大大方方承认:我对孩子的要求很低。我从不要求他背负我的期望,完成我未尽的事业。因为我的理想,我自己已经实现了。我的人生,每一天都是我选择的。在不经意间,因为喜欢,我坚持着,坚持得够久,我也优秀了。我给孩子的人生经验,就只有这个了。
我肯定不是虎妈,因为与她一路的凯歌相比,我更愿意,看见犬子的微笑。
人生而,有追求快乐的权利。这是我作为母亲,把上天给我的权利,转交给我的小孩。
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