海涌视评:懂得交换不《蜗居》
来源:时光网>>博客>>任海勇的博客 作者:任海勇 2009年11月30日
看完35集的电视连续剧《蜗剧》之后,我最深的感慨就是本文标题中的那句话:懂得交换不蜗居。故事是从一对年轻白领——海萍夫妇想在上海这样的大都市买套自己的房子开始的,戏里也有大段房子的故事,加上这戏名,难免会让观众认为这是一出以房子为主题的戏。其实,房子在戏里只是一种象征,一个引子,这里的“蜗居”有着更深更广的含义,蜗居代表着贫寒,代表着缺少财富的生活。我看下来,这出戏更想告诉观众们的,是怎么样取得社会财富,或者说怎么样拥有更强的财力。
本身是赤条条来去无牵挂的人,除了极少数生在大富之家,天生就有享不尽的荣华富贵的人之外,绝大多数人都要通过交换的方式来取得财富。我们都更熟悉获取财力的两种交换手段,那就是用体力和脑力来换取财力;而社会中本身还存在着另一种换取财力的方式,那就是用魅力去换取。《蜗居》这部戏谈不上是发现了这种交换方式,它不过是调动了很多的戏剧元素,强化了这条魅力与财力交换的途径而已。
从传统的、正统的和一统的观念来看,用体力和智力去换财力,更容易被国家观念所认可,也更容易被社会道德所接受。这两种交换方式又不一定单挑,脑力和体力的付出,更多是并用的,不管是种田还是打工,不管是经商还是任教,不管是从军还是行医,其中都或多或少地兼有脑力和体力的因素。社会本来还存在着一种换取财力的方式——魅力与财力的交换,则长期以来被主流社会所否定;这又多见于女人用魅力来换取男人的财力,典型的有三种:嫁汉、为妾和做妓,这三种方式的社会评价是由高到低的。《蜗居》这出戏把观众们的眼光聚焦在了为妾或类似于为妾这种生财方式上了。
那么,这种交换,付出魅力的一方,要付出什么,又会得到什么呢?戏看下来,付出魅力的女人郭海藻得到的太多,而失去的却很少。她在这场交换中,得到了太多普通百姓一生都在渴望,但却没有几个人最终能得到的东西:富丽堂皇的豪宅、名贵漂亮的香车,高贵典雅的家具,名牌时尚的衣裳,应有尽有的美味,殷勤伺候的佣人,随心所欲的花费和轻而易举的美国生活等等。不仅如此,她的亲戚也因此逢凶化吉、遇难呈祥:姐姐海萍在那已经没有太多优势的年龄上丢了工作,不但没有任何窘迫,反而因祸得福,靠着与海藻交换的那个姓宋的男人的牵线搭桥,给老外做起了家教,雪球越滚越大,最后开起了一座学校;姐夫苏淳更是得益于宋的神通广大,在碰到有可能坐十年八年牢的官司的情况下,有惊无险、化险为夷,并且在宋给引荐的好友的折扣畅销书的帮助下,开起了网上书店;姐姐姐夫,还一起得意于宋的慷慨相助,凑齐了他们走出蜗居、拥有宽敞房子的首付,也摆脱了高利贷的麻烦,最终实现了和女儿的团聚生活。海藻的魅力交换,真让她自己和姐姐一家风光无限呀!
与这丰厚的让人惊叹的好处相比,海藻又付出了什么呢?她所付出的就是和那个神通广大的男人宋思明配合完成上帝给男人和女人早就设定好了程序的最简单的性游戏;而且在这个游戏的过程中,并非女人只是付出,而男人只是得到,更准确地说,是男人和女人都得到了极致地快乐!既然这是两人都想要的东西,海藻外带着还能得到一大堆自己和亲人们的好处,她又何乐而不为呢?她在这场交换中,又损失了什么呢?有人可能会脱口而出:“损失的是面子。”如果我当面听到有人这样说,我会哈哈大笑的:“都太要面子的话,就没有改朝换代了。”大家都知道那句名言,胜者为王败者为寇;没有之前的寇骂,也就不会有之后帝王之家的尊贵和显赫了吧?
这个故事会让女人们浮想联翩吧?女人们会更明白人生的交换规则:给别人别人需要的,别人也就给你你需要的。另一方面,想不明白郭海藻的交换法则的女人,大可不必向别人展示你纯正的正统观念,你完全可以用你的脑力加体力去换取那艰难得多也微薄得多的财富。不过,你不要忘了,在用艰辛的劳动换取财富的情况下,你所付出的代价是什么?莫泊桑的名作《项琏》里的女主角早就告诉你了,在她为了还债而熬过了十年的苦难生活之后,她在公园里碰到的好朋友,由于她的过度沧桑,已经不认识她了。你如果觉得这沧桑的投资,比那滋润的投机来得更值得的话,没人拦着你,按你想做的去做就是了。
这个故事可能会让某些男人百感交集吧?他们会想:如果女人们都这样想了,我们还怎么娶老婆呢?我要安慰那些悲观的男人们,海藻换财这样的故事在现实中很难普遍:一是,女人们并不都有海藻那样的年龄、那样的身段和那样的美貌;二是,社会上并没有那么多权、财、貌俱佳的宋思明之类的男人们有这个实力去包养二奶;三是,很多女人早就明白这交换的道理,但是她们又很容易在动情之后就忘了交换。因此,绝大多数女人给社会留着充分的老婆资源。
这样的故事不管是戏里的还是戏外的早就有了,只是不同的时代,人们的视点会很不一样。这部戏的热播和热议告诉我们的是:现在的人们越来越实际了,道德和舆论之类外在的东西也越来越难以左右人们的选择了,我们的生活方式进入了一个多元化、多选择的时代。这个时代的最大特点就是各有各的理,谁也说服不了谁;但有一点可以肯定,传统的恋爱、婚姻、家庭的价值观念一统天下的局面,已经一去不复返了!
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